Machine for making cotter-pins



(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. ADT.

MACHINE FOR MAKING GUTTER PINS.

Patented Nov. 17, 1885.

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(No Modem 4 sneet-sheet 2.

J. ADT.

MACHINE POR MAKING GUTTER PINS. No. 330,661. Patented Nov. 17, 1885.

mmm l li l i (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. ADT. MACHINE FOR MAKING GUTTER PINS.

Patented Nov. 17, 1885.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

MACHINE FOR MAKING GUTTER PINS.

No. 330,661. Patented NO v. 17, 188.5.

'in place and secure whatever it may be on the NITED s STATES PATENTrrrcno JOHN ADT, OFNEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FOR VIAKING COTTERPINS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 330,661, dated November17, 1885- Application filed Srptember 25, 1885. Serial No. 178,133. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ADT, of New Haven, in the county of New Havenand State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Machinesfor Making Cotter-Pins; and I do hereby declare the following, whentaken in connection with accompanying drawings, and the letters ofreference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification,and represent, in-

Figure l, a top or plan view; Fig. 2, a vertical central longitudinalsection through the bender d, showing side view of the former, and alsoshowing a portion'of the mill; Fig. 3, a horizontal section cuttingthrough the wire guide and bender in the plane of the wire fed into themachine and with the former, showing also the side benders in partialsection and the working end of the pointing-spindle; Fig. 4, alongitudinal vertical central section through the spindle mechanism,showing side View of the spindle; Fig. 5, a horizontal section throughthe side benders, the bender-stud, and wedgeshaped projection, showingthe pin as cornpletely bent; Fig. 6, the same section through thebenders, showing the mill as having performed its work on the point;Fig. 7, a section through the mill-spindle, showing its connection withthe driving-pulley; Fig. 8, a central vertical section through thebender d, showing side View of the former and the fingers as raised fromtheir position before the bender; Fig. 9, a section on line a: x of Fig.1 cutting through the rst bender-slide, and showing side View of theslide P, which carries the former and its connecting-lever; Fig. 10, thepin complete, all the figures except Fig. vl enlarged; Fig. ll, amodification in the arrangement of the cylindrical stud r.

This invention relates to an improvement in machines for making thearticle known as Cotter-pins7 7 -that is to say, a device made from apiece of wire bent midway of its length to form an eye, the two legsbrought nearly together, and so that the two legs may be sprungtogether, andintroduced through a hole, as in the end of an axle, andthen the legs, opening by their own elasticity, serve to retain the pinaxle, the object of the invention being the construction of a machinewhich will automatically receive the wire, cut the blank, bend it toshape, finish and discharge the finished pin from the machine; and theinvention consists in the construction and combination of parts, ashereinafter described, and more particu larly recited in the claims.

A represents the bed of the machine, on which the operative mechanism isplaced; B, the principal driving-shaft, through which the power iscommunicated, arranged in bearings C C on brackets D, extending from thebed, power being communicated to the shaft through a pulley, E, or otherusual method of communicating power to a driving-shaft.

On one side of the machine isasecond shaft, F, at right angles to thedriving-shaft, supported in bearings G on brackets H extending from thatside of the bed. This vshaft receives rotation from the driving-shaft bymeans of bevel-gears I I.

On the opposite side of the machine 1s as1m1- lar shaft, J, supported inbearings K and 1n line at right angles to the drivingshaft, andreceiving rotation from the driving-shaft through bevel-gears L L.

On the opposite side of the machine to the driving-shaft is a fourthshaft, M, parallel with the driving-shaft, supported in bearings N andreceiving rotation through a pin1on,.O, on the shaft F and a likepinion, P, on the shaft M, and so that the said four shafts receivesimultaneous rotation from the drivingshaft B as if one common shaft,and from the cams on these shafts the operative parts receive theirproper movements.

The feed for the wire, as here represented, is what is called aroller-feed, and it con- Sists of av pair of rolls, one above another, Rrepresenting the upper roll, the under roll being the same, but notshown. Each roll 1s arranged upon an independent shaft, and to the shaftS of, say, the upper roll, power 1s applied through a pulley, T, orotherwise, and the two shafts are geared together by pinions U, thepinion on the upper shaft only being shown, and so that the feed-rollsreceive a constant and uniform rotation, the wire standing in the groovebetween the two rolls, and so that if the wire be free the friction ofthe two rolls on the wire will cause it to advance or run into themachine; but if the advance of the wire be stopped, then the rolls willslip upon the surface of the wire, a common and well-known wire-feedingmechanism. W represents the wire as running through the feed-rolls andentering a guide, a, as indicated in broken ICO.

lines, Fig. l, and asalso seenin Fig. 3. rPhe wire thus fed in runsuntil it meets a stop, b,

distant from the inner end of the guide-a--the length ofthe blankrequired to form the pin, and as seen in Fig` 3.

dis the preliminary bender, secured to slide, e, arranged in guides onthe bed of vthe ,l

machine, and so as to receive a reciprocating movement forward and back,such movement being derived from a grooved cam, e', on the shaft M. (SeeFig. 2.) This bender stands in the plane of the wire as the wire isintroduced to the machine, one edge of the said bender runningclose tothe inner endfof the.- guide a, as seen in Fig. 3, and so that as the;

benderadvances its edgeatf, wonkingacross that end of the guide a, willcut the wire and, separate the blank therefrom, in like man ner asblanks are separated in other 'wire-- workingmachines.

in Fig. 2, solid black indicating .the blank.

On the slide e, which carries the benderd, l' alever, i, is hung upon apivot, Z,.and Aso asi to Swingin averticalplane. forward, and at itsfreeend carries fingers m,

which when the lever is down, as seen in Fig. ,i

The lever extends a' 2, stand in front of thegroove in .the bender, gand sothat the wire will enter its groove yh in I rearof the fingers,and so that'after the .blank i is Vseparatedv from the wire the fingerswill; serve 'to retainthe blank in the vgroovebfthej bender d, and asindicated in Fig. 2. Thus; held, the slide e is advanced, carrying thebender forward to the former for thepreliminary bend.

The former n (see 3) is attached to or formed upon the lower end of aslide, p. (See Fig. 8.) The former n is roundedat its-end next thebender d, corresponding to thebend required for the double of the pin,and from that edge forward its sides are parallel, Vas seen in Fig. 3;but at the end next the bender there is a downwardly-projectingcylindrical stud, r, (see Fig. 2,) which corresponds tothe eye-likeshapeof the finished pin.

4The slide 19 is arranged in a vertical support, s, (see Fig. 9,) and soas to be moved up and down therein, such up-and-down reciprocatingmovement being imparted to it bya cam, t, on the shaft F, through alever,:u,.hung upon a fulcrum, w. A

As the bender d advances with the blank which it has cut from the Wireto the position indicated in broken lines, Fig. 3, ythe former n thenstands in its down position,.and inthe plane of the groove vin theformer,'as seen in Fig. 8. The bender advances with the fingers m msupporting the wire until the .d,.also seen in Fig. l. 3 reciprocatingmovement fromagrooved cam.,

wire .arrives .into contact with .the rounded end of the bender n. Thenthe fingers are Araised-from their holding position, as seen in Fig. 8.A This raising movement is imparted to `the-lingers by means of a cam,2, on the shaft M, through a lever, 3,which is hung upon a fulcrum, 4,on the bed of the machine, this lever 3 working beneath a second lever,

V5, arranged at right angles thereto, and hung upon a pivot, 6, (seeFigs. land 9,) its free end extending beneath the finger-lever i, and1soi'thatasthe cam 2 depresses the one arm of the lever 3 its other armrises and imparts an upward movement to the lever z', as seen in Fig. 8.Then,when the cam permits, thelever .3 drops, permitting the lever alsoto drop {grooveg in the bender turning the two legs .around to the sidesofthe bender,.as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 3, thus bending theblank into U` shape,.andthere the bender d rests.

In the i same plane as the bender d two slides, V7 and `8,\ar.e arrangedopposite'each other, asvseen yin Fig. 8, sandinguides at right angleslto.the path of movement of the bender The slide 8 receives 9,'.on-.theshaft F, and the slide 7 receivesa .correspondingreciprocating.movement from .a cam, l0,.on the shaft J, the movement of the .twoshaftsbeingequal and simultaneous.

lThese slides leach `carry aside bender, 1-1, .the

working-face of-:each ofthe benders adaptedto embrace the respectivelegs of the `U-shaped blank ,previously bent.

VAfter the-preliminary bend isproducedby the bender d the slide p risesto take the ,former n outof the plane of the legs of the blank, -.and,4as seen in Fig. 2, bringing thecylindrical stud -r up into the planewhich the formera .previously occupied. Then the two benders 11 11 areadvanced and comeagainst the respectivelegs of the blank, bringing themtogether and bending .them at the stud mas seen in Fig. 5, to form theeye, or what may Vbe called the handle,7 ofthe pin.

It isdesi-rable that the meeting ends-of the pin 4shall have a V-shapedrecess .between them,.as seen in Fig. 10. This isdesirable, not to saynecessary, in order that after the ,pin-shall have been inserted throughthe hole prepared for it the ends may be spread to prevent theaccidental escape or removal of the pin.

Ineorder to form such V-shaped opening Vat .the.points, Iconstruct theformer with a downward projection, 12, at its end opposite the study,.as seen in Fig. .2, and also seen in Fig. '5, Vthe said projectionbeing wedge-shaped in horizontal section, the `apex toward the stud r,and'so thatas the two legs are brought' together., :as seen in Fig. 5,the benders `being somewhat less in length than the length of the legswillbring the end portions of the legs ICO IIO

v and the projection 12 out of the path of the on opposite sides of thewedgeshaped projection 12, and in closing the legs upon each other willproduce an outward bend at therend of the two legs, as seen in Fig. 5,such bend producing the required "recess between the legs of the pin.

It is necessary to reduce the legs at the ends into conical shape, sothat they may be readily inserted into the hole prepared for them. ThisI propose to do by milling or cutting away the metal thrown ont by thebends at the ends of the legs. To this end I arrangea yielding spindle,13, in bearings 14, so as to move freely and longitudinally therein, andalso free for rotation, the said spindle being arranged in axial linewith the pin as it stands after the final bend, as seen in Fig. 5. Thisspindle carries at its inner end a mill, 15, adapted to cut the metalfrom the ends of the legs and bring it to the required conical shape.Rotation is imparted to the spindle 13 by a pulley, 16, between thebearings 14 14, as seen in Fig. 4, the pulley being splined to theshaft, as seen in Fig. 7, so that while it permits longitudinal movementof the spindle through it it imparts to the spindle its own rotarymovement.

The bearings 14 14 are made a part of a bracket, 17, fixed to the bed.In the longitudinal line of the spindle is a slide, 18, (see Fig. 4,)which receives a reciprocating movement from a grooved cam, 19, on theshaft B.

At the rear end of the slide 18 is an upright,

20, through which the spindle 13 extends,and upon the spindle,on theadvancing side of the upright 20, is a loose collar, 21, and a likecollar, 22, on the reverse side, fixed to the spindle, and on thespindle in advance of the loose collar 21 is a fixed collar, 23, andbetween the fixed collar 23 and the loose collar is a spring, 24, and sothat as the slide 18 advances it brings the pressure of the spring 24against the xed collar 23, and thereby forces the spindle forward underthe pressure of the said spring 24, and on the return of the slide-18the retreating movement of the slide is iinparted to the spindle throughthe fixed collar 22, so that the advance movement of the slide isimparted to the spindle through the spring 24. Such forward movement ofthe spindle carries the mill 15 to the projecting ends of the legs ofthe pin, and cuts away the metal to produce the conical point, as Seenin Fig. 13. Before the mill has reached the ends of the legs the slidePrises, as seen in broken lines, Fig. 2, to take the projection 12 andthe stud 1 from the blank, leaving the blank only held by the sidebenders, 11, as seen in Fig. 6,

advancing mill. After the mill has done its work it retreats. Then theside benders separate, leaving the pin free to fall through an opening,25, in the bed of the machine, and the parts are ready for the secondoperation, and so continuing cutting successive blanks from the wire,bending, finishing, and discharging the pin.

The object of communicating the power to the spindle 13 through thespring 24 is that it may adapt itself to the work it is to dothat is tosay, as the slide advances the spindle the resistance of the pin to suchadvance will be met by the spring, and the spring will yield to suchresistance of the pin until as the work of pointing proceeds the springmay force the spindle forward, and if perchance there should beconsiderable variation in the length of the pins the spindle will onlyadvance under the action of the spring, andwithout regard to the advanceof the slide which carries it, so that variations of the length of thepin will not interfere with the proper working of the mill. The collar23 will serve as a stop tov bring up against the bearing 14, asindicate-d in Fig. 4, when the work is complete, and the spindle will bethus supported with the stop against the said bearing, excepting asresistance is applied by the' pin to the advancement of the spindle.

In cases where it is not desirable to perform the pointing Vof the pinin the machine, or where it is not desirable to point the pin at all,the pointing-spindle may be omitted.

The downward projection 12 may be dispensed with in cases where therecess between the ends of the twolegs is not required.

I have illustrated but one well-known feed for delivering the wire tothe machine. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that anyof the known feeds for feeding wire may be employed, such feeds beingtoo well known to require illustration or description;

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or, instead of feeding the blanks and cutting them directly from thewire, they may be otherwise cut and fed individually, as in wellknownmachines for making wire articles.

The longitudinally-reciprocating spindle carrying the mill may beemployed in other machines for making cotter-pins,and whereby the pointmay be milled while inthe machine. I therefore do not wish to beunderstood as limiting the combination of themill to the specificdevices for bending or shaping the pin.

I have represented the cylindrical studi" around which the blank is bentas made a part of or an extension from the former, and so as to movewith the slide which carries the former; but it may be made independentyof the former mand arranged tov move downward instead of up; alsoindependent ofthe former,and -as seen in Fig. 11. In this case the stud1^ is arranged in a vertical slide, 27, and to which a vertical movementis imparted by means of a cam, 2S, on either of the shafts, through alever, 29. In such case the stud is in its up position at its firstbend-that is, when the blank is brought into the U shapeand remainsuntil after the iinal operation, and then is drawn downward by theaction of the cam,and from the eyein the pin. The bent end of the pinstriking a stop, 30, as the pin is drawn down, permits the stud toescape from the pin and leave the pin free to fall from the machine.

AH4 A- 330,661

Vplane of said bender, and the cylindrical stud o at the end of theformer next the bender, the said former and stud adapted to besuccessively brought into the plane of the groove in said bender, andthe reciprocating side benders, 11 1l, substantially as described.

2. In a machine for making Cotter-pins, the combination of a feedadapted to present the wire into the machine in position for bending, abender, d, constructed with a semicircular recess, g, in its faee,withalongitudinal groove,

h, extending through said semi-circular recess, a former, u, in linewith the said recess in the face of the bender and arranged for verticalmovement at right angles to the plane of said bender, the said formerconstructed with a cylindrical downwardly-projecting stud, r, at its cndnext said bender d, the said former and stud adapted to be successivelybrought into the plane of thegroove in the said bender d, and thereciprocating sidebenders, 11 11, substantially as described.

3. In amachine for making cotter-pins, the combination of a feedingdevice adapted to present the wire into the machine in position forbending, a reciprocating bender, d, constructed with a recess, g, in itsface, and with a longitudinal groove, h, in its face extending throughthe said recess, lingers m, having an up-anddown movementimpartedthereto and adapted to cover or uncover the said groove in the bender, aformer, n, in line with the said central recess in the bender andarranged in a slide, whereby np-and-down movement may beimparted to saidformer, the said former also constructed with a downwardly-projectingcylindrical stud, r, atits end next the said bender d, the said formerand stud adapted to be successively presented in the plane of the saidgroove in the said bender, and the reciprocating side benders, 11 11,substantially as described.

4. The combination of the bender d, constructed with a longitudinalgroove, h, on its face, and with a semicircular bend in said groove atits center, the said groove adapted to receive a blank from which a pinis to .be formed, a former, n, in line with said central recess in thebender and provided with a.

downwardly-projecting cylindrical stud, r, at its end next said benderd, the said former and stud arranged in a vertical movable slide,whereby the said bender and stud may be successively presentedv in theplane of said groove, the said former also provided with a downwardprojection, 12, at its end opposite said stud, the said projectionhaving its edge toward the said stud wedge-shaped, with the apex towardthe said stud,and the side benders, 11 11, substantially as described.

5. `The combination of the reciprocating bender d, fingers m m, formern, provided at one end with the stud r, and at its opposite end with thedownward wedge-shaped projection 12, and the reciprocating side benders,11 11, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the reciprocating bender d, its front face adaptedto receive a blank from which the pin is to be formed, and constructedwith a semicircular recess at its center, the former n, forward of saidbender and in line with said recess, the said former constructed with adownward cylindrical projection, 1, the said former and projectionarranged for vertical movement, and whereby the said former and stud aresuccessively presented into the plane of said bender, side benders, 1111, and the longitudinal reciprocating revolving spindle 13, carrying amill at its inner end ladapted to point the legs of the pin afterbending, substantially as described.

7. rlhe combination of the reciprocating bender d, its front faceadapted to receive a blank from which the pin is to be formed, and witha semicircular recess in the center of its face, fingers fm m, arrangedto work up and down in front of the face of said bender, the former a,arranged in line with the said recess in the bender, and having thedownwardlyprojecting stud r at its end next said bender, thereciprocating side benders, 11 11, and the reciprocating revolvingspindle 13,carry ing a mill atits inner end adapted to point the ends ofthe legs of the pin after it is bent, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the reciprocating bender cl, its front faceadapted to receive a blank from which the pin is to be formed, and alsohaving a central semicircular recess in its face, the former n in linewith the said central recess in the bender, provided with the stud r atits end next said former, and with a downward projection, 12, at itsopposite end, the inner edge of said projection 12 wedgeshaped, the sidebenders, 11 11, and the reciprocating revolving spindle 13, arranged inthe plane of said bender, and carrying at its inner end the mill adaptedto cut away the ends of the pin after bending, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a machine for making Cotter-pins, the combination of themechanism, substantially such as described, for bending the pin,with alongitudinal reciprocating and revolving spindle arranged in axial linewith the pin after it is bent, and carrying at its inner end a mill,substantially as described, and whereby the point of the bent pin willbe cut into conical shape.

JOHN ADT.

Witnesses:

JOHN E. EARLE, FRED C. EARLE.

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